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The following notes contain a computer simulation concerning effective competition in an evolutionary environment. The scope is to underline the existence of a side effect pertaining to the competitive processes: the tendency toward an excess of supply by producers which operate in a strongly competitive situation. A s…
Prevailing accounts in both multi-agent AI and the social sciences explain social structure through top-down abstractions-such as institutions, norms, or trust-yet lack simulateable models of how such structures emerge from individual behavior. Ethnographic and archaeological evidence suggests that reciprocity served a…
We describe the sample paths of the stochastic field $F = F_t(v,x,q)$ of aggregate utilities parameterized by Pareto weights $v$ and total cash amounts $x$ and stocks' quantities $q$ in an economy. We also describe the sample paths of the stochastic field $G = G_t(u,y,q)$, which is conjugate to $F$ with respect to the …
We study in this paper the time evolution of stock markets using a statistical physics approach. Each agent is represented by a spin having a number of discrete states $q$ or continuous states, describing the tendency of the agent for buying or selling. The market ambiance is represented by a parameter $T$ which plays …
Emerging markets such as India provide investors with returns far greater than those in developed markets; taking the average returns from the period 1995 to 2014 the returns are 4.714% to 3.276% of the developed market. The majority of emerging markets commenced joining with the capital market of the world, thus allow…
Eleyele Lake has enormous economic importance as it is completely surrounded by various communities which discharge their domestic waste directly into the lake. This alters the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the lake. It is essential to assess the water for its various usage. Twelve (12) samples w…
The commentators have brought a wealth of new perspectives to the question of how culture evolves. Each of their diverse disciplines--ranging from psychology to biology to anthropology to economics to engineering--has a valuable contribution to make to our understanding of this complex, multifaceted topic. Though the v…
Universal power laws have been scrutinised in physics and beyond, and a long-standing debate exists in econophysics regarding the strict universality of the nonlinear price impact, commonly referred to as the square-root law (SRL). The SRL posits that the average price impact $I$ follows a power law with respect to tra…
This paper establishes a new and comprehensive theoretical analysis for the application of reinforcement learning (RL) in high-frequency market making. We bridge the modern RL theory and the continuous-time statistical models in high-frequency financial economics. Different with most existing literature on methodologic…
The phase and amplitude (Ph-A) of a wave function vary slowly and monotonically with distance, in contrast to the wave function that can be highly oscillatory. Hence an attractive feature of the Ph-A representation is that it requires far fewer meshpoints than for the wave function itself. In 1930 Milne developed an eq…